In western chess the board has a square shape, with its side
being divided into eight parts, resulting in a total of sixty-four squares. For
variants, the total number of squares may range from nine to one hundred and
twelve. Each individual square of the board can be identified using chess
notation, which may be descriptive, algebraic, or numeric. For two-dimensional
boards, each horizontal row of squares is called a rank, each vertical column
of squares is called a file, and each oblique line of squares of the same color
is called a diagonal. Now here is somehow rules of chess.
The rules or laws of chess are rules governing the play of
the game of chess. While the exact origins of chess are unclear, modern rules
first took form during the Middle Ages. The rules continued to be slightly
modified until the early 19th century, when they reached essentially their
current form. The rules also varied somewhat from place to place. Slight
modifications are made by some national organizations for their own purposes.
Chess is a two-player board game utilizing a chessboard and
sixteen pieces of six types for each player. Each type of piece moves in a
distinct way. The goal of the game is to checkmate (threaten with inescapable
capture) the opponent's king. Games do not necessarily end in checkmate; players
often resign if they believe they will lose. A game can also end in a draw in
several ways. Besides the basic moves of the pieces, rules also govern the
equipment used, time control, conduct and ethics of players, accommodations for
physically challenged players, and recording of moves using chess notation.
Procedures for resolving irregularities that can occur during a game are
provided as well.
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